Cheating and Video Game Player

Cheating is a demonstration of lying, trickiness, extortion, duplicity, imposture, or inconvenience. Cheating naturally is utilized to make an uncalled for advantage, for the most part to one's greatest advantage, and frequently to the detriment of others. Cheating infers the disrupting of norms. There are bounty approaches to cheat, you can cheat in a relationship, scholastically, and in games. Cheating is the point at which an individual deludes, bamboozles, or acts unscrupulously deliberately. For kids, cheating may occur at school, at home, or while playing a game. A few children cheat since they're occupied or languid and they need to get passing marks without investing the energy contemplating. Different children may feel like they can't finish the assessment without cheating. In any event, when there is by all accounts a â€Å"good reason† for cheating, bamboozling is certifiably not a smart thought. At school, notwithstanding undermining a test, a child may cheat by taking another person's thought for a science venture or by replicating a book report off the Internet and handing it over as though it's their unique work. Replicating another person's words or work and saying they're yours is a sort of cheating called copying. Cheating in computer games includes a computer game player utilizing non-standard techniques for making a bit of leeway past typical ongoing interaction, ordinarily to make the game simpler, or may likewise make irregular impacts which don't really make the game simpler to play, for example, giving characters various appearances, for example, enormous heads. Cheats some of the time may appear as â€Å"secrets† set by game designers themselves. Cheats might be actuated from inside the game itself (a cheat code executed by the first game engineers); or made by outsider programming (a game mentor) or equipment. Cheating in a relationship is generally a side effect of an unfortunate relationship. It crushes fellowships, breaks trust, and causes blame, outrage, hurt and numerous other negative feelings. Cheating seeing someone won't last. There are a few reasons why cheating, infidelity, betrayal and extra conjugal undertakings regularly happen in numerous connections. Individuals are confounded and appearances can be misleading. Cheating seeing someone relies on a few variables. One significant factor is the decision of an accomplice or companion. On the off chance that the decision isn't in accordance with what they require or wish, or with what their accomplice can give them, there is an opportunity of cheating. Cheating likewise happens when individuals neglect to give their connections need by placing time and vitality into them. Another significant explanation is the inability to comprehend the issues that prompted betrayal in any case. Numerous individuals would prefer not to examine the job they played in the disappointment of a relationship. Much of the time, they reprimand others for things that turned out badly as opposed to search internally for complete comprehension. Cheating frequently happens in numerous conjugal connections. Correspondence is here the most risky issue. For a bunch of reasons, accomplices get brief period to discuss sentiments with one another, especially negative emotions. In certain connections, accomplices are not permitted to share despondency. Misconceptions additionally cause individuals to feel that their mate wouldn't like to hear their issues. So they don't discuss troubles. The absence of a feeling of strengthening, issues of confidence and inconsistent association are likewise critical issues in any relationship.

How to Make Sandblasted Signs :: essays papers

Step by step instructions to Make Sandblasted Signs Procedure and Analysis Step by step instructions to Make Sandblasted Signs. The main vital instruments you need are: basswood, or red wood, elastic concealing, shower stick, exacto blade, sand paper, paint (which a large portion of these things you can discover at your neighborhood home improvement shop). Additionally you have to know somebody in your locale who has a sandblasting machine to sandblast your sign. You will likewise require a plan for your board. (It very well may be your name, or an image of what ever you need it to be.) First thing you have to do is to get some bass or red wood. Slice the sheets to the definite size you need by utilizing a band saw or hand saw. Additionally, utilize the accompanying techniques, for example, sticking, planing, and squaring the sheets to the specific length you need your sign to be. When you have squared your board with the square, your sign will be even on each side. The subsequent stage will be to apply the elastic veiling to your board. Presently you are prepared to put your structure on the elastic veiling. Apply the splash paste to the elastic concealing. When you have showered the paste (in a well ventilated territory) to the concealing you should sit tight for around 2 minutes for the glue to dry, and start to remove your plan you have picked. This is a very tedious errand so it is ideal to require some investment. This is an ideal opportunity to begin cutting on your covering. It is ideal to leave around one portion of an inch around the outside edge of the board. Utilize your exacto blade to cut the veiling. Make a point to focus your plan and that it is appropriately estimated to your board. It is significant not to make the cuts excessively little or on the other hand the sand will remove the elastic covering. You have to discover somebody in the network that does sandblasting. This could be at a landmark etching administration close by. They utilize an extraordinary sand that is exceptionally fine to cut the wood. Sandblasters additionally utilize an air blower to shoot the air and sand out at a high pace. This procedure will cost between $2-$5 and an opportunity to finish is around two days. When you recover the sign from the sandblasting administration, you are prepared to

Different Cultures Learning Styles Essay Example for Free

Various Cultures Learning Styles Essay The word culture has been gotten from the Latin word â€Å"cultura† which intends to develop (Online Etymology Dictionary, 2009). For the most part it alludes to the habits, standards, values, information, perspectives, craftsmanship, propensities and conduct rehearses that are liked and picked as perfect by greater part of the individuals of the general public. With the infringement and progress in the hello there tech universe of today, various societies over the globe have quickly experienced the procedure of cultural assimilation. Along these lines, learning of differing societies around the world is certifiably not a major issue. There are different styles by which one can without much of a stretch get versed with the large number of societies. A portion of the styles are as per the following. Common study hall set up If we examine diverse conventional study halls of various nations, just as various homerooms in different urban areas inside one nation; we will observer that various similitudes and contrasts exist. There are some regular elements like control, showing climate, schedule, educational program, learning, conventional instructing apparatuses and study hall sitting style; that are basic to all study halls in any piece of the world. The distinction comes in the level of adequacy in instructing, learning, asset input, additional offices like warming and cooling framework, open to guest plans and arrangement of most recent innovation and so on. These elements unquestionably add to making contrasts in the size of learning among the understudies. Customary Classrooms around the globe Another well known and compelling style of learning society is the conventional homerooms around the globe. Customary study hall will in general kindness social figuring out how to its fullest. It is probably the best spot where understudies can communicate for a long term and learn distinctive local social viewpoints with the progression of time. Cooperation of youthful understudies with their individual age bunch understudies and educator with the understudies unquestionably advances expanding of social examples. These composed and unwritten standards, which we call culture, intentionally or unwittingly, influence individuals around us. Understudies at an early youthful age being brisk eyewitnesses and imitators are quick in picking, retaining and following different social qualities and qualities. Along these lines, homeroom either at essential, optional or more elevated level assumes an indispensable job in learning one’s own just as different societies winning around us. Today’s American culture refrains others If we investigate various societies winning over the globe, we see impressions of American culture on rest of the world; reason being progressed innovative turn of events. America has assumed an indispensable job in diffusing its social attributes to different societies. Regardless of whether it is progressivism, innovation, living examples, propensities, music, diversion and even attitudes of the individuals; American impact is obviously noticeable. By the by, numerous individuals of the customary and profoundly installed societies like Islamic, Chinese, Japanese, Indian and Greek societies despite everything are keeping up their character, and have really saved their standards and qualities all things considered. CUSTOMS AND COURTEOUS Taboo of learning in world societies Every culture in each general public watches certain restrictions and habits. There are sure issues and subjects that are viewed as illegal in certain societies like limitations on sexual exercises and connections, limitation on different weight control plans, interbreeding restrictions, introduction of body parts, social-monetary class, clinical disarranges and maladies, liquor addiction, sadness and separation. Restrictions differ from culture to culture; a no-no in one culture probably won't be a no-no in another. These restrictions are found out through culture and transmitted to ages. Adjusting in various social orders Adaptation level of culture and habits fluctuates from society to society. There are different components like instruction, innovative headways, open mindfulness, and qualities among the old age that assume their job in the adjustment of the way of life. Investigates have indicated that innovative development social orders tend to acknowledge change and adjustments when contrasted with the customary in reverse social orders (Whitehead, 2005). Learning styles in various networks Learning styles likewise shift from society to society. For instance a few social orders are seen under incredible impact of electronic media like TV, radio, and web. Where as some get motivation from print material, verse, writing, papers, and study halls. In unskilled social orders individuals have their pioneers, instructors, strict researchers, guardians and grandparents as a wellspring of learning. Innovation IN THE CLASS ROOM The advancement of study hall learning Importance of the conventional homeroom learning can never be overlooked in any general public, in this way with the headway in innovation, instructing just as learning experiences presently become a difficulty free task. Gone are the days when educators simply used to utilize basic chalkboard for correspondence. Progress in the study hall learning can without much of a stretch saw with the utilization of apparatuses like sight and sound, overhead projector, PC, sound and video tapes and so forth (Integrated Publishing). Numerous Audio Visual guides are accessible to instructors so they can play out their activity serenely. Utilizing virtual study halls has encouraged the educators in loads. It spares a ton assets and time when the educator and student convey from their areas. It further advances inaccessible learning, and makes the learning procedure pleasant and sensibly estimated (Integrated Publishing). Degrees relating to innovation A great deal of degrees that are identified with innovation are being offered nowadays. Software engineering, instructional innovation degree, innovation in separation training, confirmations in virtual instruction, video chatting courses and so on are unquestionably remunerating degrees in today’s present day. All around cutting edge understudies with advances today The amalgamation of Internet with the most recent innovative guides has assumed an essential job in improving the learning procedure among the understudies. Use of innovation has no uncertainty definitely acquired a few changes the learning of the people. Remotely coordinating, virtual colleges, online degrees and separation learning have very well furnished the understudies with most recent apparatuses and procedures (Conner, 2006). In addition it gave the understudies a chance to connect with various qualified instructors and understudies from inside their homes. A few visit rooms, conversation gatherings are accessible so as to encourage the understudies in expanding their perspectives and thinking. We can securely say that all around cutting edge understudies are furnished with most recent innovation today (Conner, 2006). POST SECONDARY LEARNING AROUND THE GLOBE Education in America For the most part it is accepted that training in America gives possibilities and passageways to accomplishment. Post auxiliary instructive learning in American culture conveys extraordinary worth and significance, as it adds to the social, financial, social, political, mental and visual advancement of the country. It in this way centers around the extension of basic speculation, advancement of investigation and research, critical thinking, creating knowledge, embracing abilities and capability among the adolescent. So country could be talented with profoundly proficient, versatile, creative and beneficial people at more elevated levels. Training in Japan In the event that we investigate the post auxiliary instructive learning in Japan, we see that the points and destinations winning are very little unique in relation to those predominant in America. Both being profoundly exceptional and created nations, pretty much spotlight on comparative learning strategies. Effects of European strategies for learning are likewise noticeable. Be that as it may, alongside similitudes, Japanese instructive learning framework has some uniqueness also, similar to the Special course schools are like non-college training in US. Instruction in Australia A convergence of vagrants from in excess of 100 nations, Australia is essentially a British-European culture. In prior occasions post auxiliary instruction implied college training. Fundamental point behind the post auxiliary instruction is the advancement of mental force (acumen), college ought to be the focal point of expert preparing of understudies. Alongside this, so as to adapt to the most recent patterns it is vital to teach in understudies such capacities that will assist them with becoming specialists in a particular field of study, put out their best and add to the important work in their field. It also has impacts of British and American instructive learning on it. End In today’s society, there are a large number of various societies. In this paper you will find out about the various kinds of learning styles far and wide. You will likewise have the option to comprehend the diverse how innovation has incredibly improved learning and how various locales of the world have various advancements utilized for learning. References Conner, M. L. (2006). Prologue to an e-Learning Culture. Recovered July 22, 2009, from Ageless Learner: http://agelesslearner. com/introductions/elc. html Integrated Publishing. (n. d. ). THE SELECTION AND USE OF AUDIOVISUAL (AV) AIDS. Recovered July 22, 2009, from Integrated Publishing: http://www. tpub. com/content/religion/14229/css/14229_324. htm National Governors Association. (2007). Advancement America. A smaller for Postsecondary Education . National Governors Association. Online Etymology Dictionary. (2009). Recovered July 22, 2009, from Online Etymology Dictionary: http://www. etymonline. com/file. php? search=culturesearchmode=none Whitehead, B. (2005, Oct 24). Instructive innovation takes into consideration adaptability in learning and educating. Recovered July 22, 2009, from web-conferencing-zone. com: http://www. web-conferencing-zone. com/4030-instructive innovation. htm

Black Boy And Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay Example For Students

Dark Boy And Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay I. Dynamic This paper looks at the exceptional contrasts in artistic subjects and styles of Richard Wright and Zora Neale Hurston, two AfricanAmerican scholars from the mid 1900s. The depictions of African-American ladies by each creator are differentiated dependent on explicit models from their two most conspicuous books, Native Son by Wright, and Their Eves Were Watching God by Hurston. With the purpose to clarify this uniqueness, the self-portrayals of the two creators Black Boy and Dust Tracks on a Road are likewise broke down. Specific models from the lives of each creator are refered to show the differentiating ways of life and encounters that made these inconsistencies, drawing matches between the creators lives and imaginative undertakings. It becomes clear that Wrights horrible encounters including females and Hurstons way of life as a solid, free and fruitful Black craftsman contributed fundamentally to the manners by which they decided to portray African-American ladies and what objectives they clung to in coming to and contacting a particular crowd with the messages contained in their composition. Out of sharpness and fierceness brought about by hundreds of years of abuse on account of the white populace, there has advanced in the African-American people group, a solid convention of dissent writing. A few creators have picked up unmistakable quality for conveying savage messages of racial disparity through writing that is convincing, useful and articulate. One of the most outstanding creators in this characterization of writing is Richard Wright, writer of a few pieces including his most commended novel, Native Son, and his life account, Black Boy. A man viciously restricted to and profoundly irritated by the bad form that is at the underlying foundations of the African-American battle, Wright is likewise known for his cruel reactions of any creator whose work, as he would see it, minimizes or totally disregards the situation looked by the African-American people group. One such creator, whose depiction of the African-American lady as a champion, subsequently mixing Wrights bitterest and most profound revultion and judgment, is African-American female, Zora Neale Hurston. Like Wright, Hurston, likewise his contemporary, was a productive craftsman, yet in a strikingly extraordinary style, and with radically unique topical messages, she wandered from the custom of sharpness and fierceness grasped by Wright. The investigation of African-American dissent writing is helpful in grasping the profundity of the racial predicament in America. Richard Wright 1908-1960 and Zora Neale Hurston 1891-1960, two African-American creators having the equivalent artistic time, at that point, may be required to deliver comparable works, in the event that not in plot, at that point maybe, and presumably almost certain, in topic. Commonplace African-American writing of this timespan, particularly that of Black guys, conveys solid messages of the foul play of bigotry, mistreatment and imbalance in all features of society. Zora Neale Hurston, notwithstanding, picked a characteristically extraordinary way. In the expressions of Missy Dehn Kubitschek, Their Eyes Were Watching God gives an insignia of Hurstons withdrawal from political worries for individual connections 19. This strategy has justified the extreme analysis of Black guys, among the harshest of whom was Richard Wright. In an audit of Their Eyes Were Watching God, Wright fights that Miss Hurston can compose; yet her composition is shrouded in that easy exotic nature that has hounded Negro articulation. A significant uniqueness of abstract style is found when looking at both Hurstons and Wrights portrayals of female characters in their significant books, Their Eyes Were Watching God and Native Son, separately. This deviation is as a rule explicit to the creators depiction of African-American ladies. While a female is the focal character of Hurstons tale, Wright reliably depicts ladies as preventions to the capacity of the African-American male to prevail in spite of the imperatives made by white society. So as to find a portion of the hidden inceptions of the altogether different sex jobs in these two books, a correlative examination of the collections of memoirs of Wright and Hurston, Black Boy and Dust Tracks on a Road, individually, is particularly valuable. Contrasting A Lady of the Letters and Bed Amoung the lentils EssayHurston has depicted a female character as a new champion, a maker of her own predetermination, and one who has aced the excursion for mindfulness. Says Mary Helen Washington in the Foreword of Their Eyes Were Watching God, for most Black ladies perusers finding Their Eyes just because, what was most convincing was simply the figure of Janie Crawford incredible, well-spoken, confident, and fundamentally not the same as any lady character they had ever before experienced in writing. Janie Crawford is disobedient; she opposes men, however above all, she resists our own assumptions of what the job of an African-American lady ought to be in present day writing. VIII. End Richard Wright was inflexible in his conviction that the African-American learned people had an obligation to all of America to utilize their ability to pass on the enduring of their kin to the white world, to work together with the white world in the battle against war. In condemning scholars that didn't hold fast to his standards, Wright for all intents and purposes esteemed the Black female experience as nonexistent. He ascribed this to a great extent to the absence of political subjects and racial pressures in progress of numerous female Black creators, most outstandingly Hurston. In deciding to concentrate on points other than the racial situation just as those that rotate around ladies, the Black female was frequently resolved to be a backstabber by the Black male, who believed her work to be contrary to his own. At first, it appears to be somewhat unexpected that two creators who are viewed as counterparts, ought to make such radically various bits of writing. One may anticipate both Wright and Hurston to have a need to communicate, their displeasure at, yet additionally their translations of, the persecution that tormented them, their families and their associates. This was Wrights strategic; thought of it as his commitment to illuminate the majority, to teach them, and in doing as such, the injuries of his adolescence rose in his work. During the time spent passing on the frightfulness of the racial segregation that undermined his own masculinity, Wright incorporated the impacts of ladies as further hindrances to his turn of events. Cautious investigation of Wrights life account firmly proposes that these depictions of ladies resembled the characters of genuine ladies throughout his life. It is fascinating at that point to look at what contrasts in Hurstons life encouraged her to make writing that commends the African-American female and energetically depicts her quest for character separated from the male network. Hurston was one of these tough ladies one who endure affliction, one who made due as a craftsman, one who made due without characterizing her personality dependent on that of a male buddy. This, she chose, was deserving of composed translation. Wright was unequivocally incapable to acknowledge the African-American female as a person as an inclination, suspecting and pondering individual who had the capacity and regularly the craving to exist altogether isolate from his life, or that of some other male. He never watched an autonomous female good example and had to distinguish the main ladies in his existence with negative powers and malevolence. Wright and Hurston existed in isolated, and altogether different universes, bringing about their inability to agree on what was a fitting depiction of the African-American lady in current writing. Hurstons cognizance of the female experience, particularly that of the African-American, is a main consideration that separates her from her male counterparts, particularly Wright, whose own inability to recognize this due to a great extent to his childhood energized his most extraordinary analysis.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki - Free Essay Example

After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, one of the most devastating bombings in its time, America declared war on Japan and therefore entering into War World II. On August 6 1945, the U.S dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, three days later they dropped a bomb on Nagasaki. Over 100,000 people were immediately killed in both bombings, and thousands more died of injuries and the effects of the radiation (Matsukawa 56). The American Government was justified to bomb Hiroshima, but they could have approached Nagasaki with less catastrophic measures. The U.S aimed to remain neutral as possible during World War II. They started helping Britain, who was in the war, by sending war supplies but on a cash and carry basis. They blockaded trade with Japan and the countries apart of the Axis, Italy and Germany. The Japanese were furious with the stopping of shipment of airplane fuel and scrap iron that they needed for war. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese army bombed Pearl Harbor, and then the next day Japan invaded an American army base in the Philippines. After these two events the U.S declared war on Japan. The Japanese wanted to improve their economy but instead of choosing to conduct trade negotiations with foreign governments, the Japanese government turned sharply away. Japan went once again into isolation (Bjorklund 10-11). Japan wanted to prove to the other countries that they were just as powerful as them. They joined the war for two reasons. One, to show that they can go to war and their economy can withstand a war, and secondly they were still upset with the Allies during the First World War, when the Allies met at the Treaty of Versailles, Japan did not have a voice in the discussion. All that tension built up and they did not hesitate to go to war. During the war the U.S was planning on invading Japan. War experts estimated 1 million American lives lost and millions of Japanese lives. On April 1945 Harry S. Truman was sworn in as President. He hoped to make the invasion of Japan unnecessary. He decided to use the atomic bomb instead of invading Japan. On July 26th the U.S, Britain and China issues a statement threatening to destroy Japan unless it surrendered, Japan refused (Matsukawa 56). Truman was doing the country right by looking for a different approach, although his approach was a steady, the approach it did not do its job. In the spring of 1945, the military instituted a target committee. This committee consisted of officers and scientists. The purpose for this committee was to decide where the bomb should fall. The committee decided that the atomic bomb would not just kill; it could wipe out an entire city off the map. They agreed that it would be horrible, but they wanted it to be so it would try to end the war and try to stop future use of nuclear bombs (Brumfiel). They chose Hiroshima. Hiroshima is compact, if you put a bomb like this in the middle of it, you end up destroying almost the entirety of the city said Alex Wellerstein, a historian at the Stevens Institute of Technology (Brumfiel). Hiroshima was also a military target. There were factories and other facilities there. The American army took their time and was strategic when deciding where and when to bomb so they could make a point without killing an overabundance of people. Antony Beevor said Truman had little choice. All commanders or political leaders can hope to asses is whether a particular course of action is likely to reduce the loss of life. Faced with the Japanese refusal to surrender, President Truman had little choice. The dropping of the atomic bomb was justified at the time as being moral in order to bring about a more rapid victory, prevent the deaths of more people, and the use of nuclear weapons. Of course it is easy to say that if I had been in Trumans shoes, I would not have ordered the two bombings. says Richard Overy, a professor of history at the University of Exeter (History Extra). Apart of Richard Overy`s statement is correct, Truman should not have ordered two bombings. In his defense Truman was out of options. It was either invade Japan, risking millions of American and Japanese soldiers lives or use the atomic bomb to wipe out a city and saving millions of lives. Hiroshimas population at the time of the bombing was 350,000 people. Richard Overy also said that It was immoral and unnecessary. When referring to bombing Nagasaki, it was unnecessary. Truman should have waited to see what Japan would do after the U.S bombed Hiroshima. Chances are they would have surrendered and/or negotiated peacefully. The first bombing was a necessary evil so to speak, but bombing Nagasaki was unnecessary and took many more Japanese lives. On August 15th during a radio address in World War II, Japans Emperor, Hirohito, announced that Japan would surrender after the devastating power of a new and most cruel bomb( History.com). One thing that everyone can agree on is that World War II was devastating. The Bombing of Pearl Harbor the Bombing of London, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the many German, American, British, Japanese lives lost. The American Government was justified to bomb Hiroshima, but not justified to bomb Nagasaki.

Reasons High Attrition Rates Among Newly Qualified Nurses - 1375 Words

Reasons For The High Attrition Rates Among Newly Qualified Nurses (Research Paper Sample) Content: Reasons for the High Attrition Rates among Newly Qualified NursesBy (Students Name)CourseProfessors NameUniversityLocationDateDiscussion of FindingsNurses play a critical role in any hospital to ensure that patients are satisfied. Indeed, hospitals have the responsibility of ensuring patient satisfaction and nurses provide the most interaction with those seeking treatment while they are in the hospital. Moreover, nurses help hospitals to provide high-quality care. Despite the nurses playing a critical role in ensuring patient satisfaction, recruiting and retaining them is time-consuming and hectic. Thus, retaining the nurses, particularly the newly qualified ones, is a critical task for hospitals. The reasons for the high attrition rates among newly qualified nurses are dependent on some factors related to work and personal needs. A study conducted by Hayajneh et al. (2009) in the UK found that around 10% of nurses leave the profession due to retirement while 24% tran sfer to another organization (p. 456). Moreover, 5% of the nurses go to the non-national health sector employment and 24% leave because of redundant factors such as personal reasons and career break (Hayajneh et al. 2009, p. 456). Therefore, the following is a discussion of our findings relating to the high attrition rates among newly qualified nurses within the first one to two years in the UK.Reasons for the High Attrition Rates among NQN in the UKThe work environment plays a significant role for a person to consider not leaving the job for another one. Our research determined that a friendly work environment reduces the rate of employee turnover or attrition. This finding was found to be consistent with a similar research conducted by Crow, Smith, and Hartman (2005), which established that a friendly work environment reduces the rates of attrition by 30% (p. 340). The research involved a qualitative survey of the newly qualified nurses who provided their views on what contributed to turnover. Therefore, a newly qualified nurse will not consider leaving the profession when he or she first joins a healthy work environment. The workload was also found to contribute to job dissatisfaction among the newly qualified nurses. More specifically, a heavy workload affected the motivation of freshly qualified nurse employees and triggered their minds to consider quitting the job. This position also corresponds with the findings of a research conducted by Whitehead et al. (2013). The study determined that attrition rates could be predicted through long shifts, holidays, weekends, and weekend overtime. Similarly, according to Stickney (2008, p. 423), extended shifts and overtime put the newly qualified nurses into a state of high physical anxieties, leaving them fatigued with less drive to cope with the job pressure efficiently. Another study by O'Donnell (2009) concluded that the nursing profession becomes more intense with higher workloads resulting in the discourageme nt of the nurses from performing their work, and, thus, they seek to leave the job (p. 38). That scenario is more common in mental health facilities where stress levels are high.Lack of control was another factor found to be associated with high attrition rates among the newly qualified nurses. In a research done by Baernholdt Mark (2009), non-involvement of the nurses in the process of making decisions was found to be a critical factor for job dissatisfaction among them, especially the newly qualified nurses who are often left out of key decisions. Moreover, the inability to dispense ones duties in a manner that one understands best can be a significant source of stress and burnout (Urwin et al., 2010, p. 205). In this context, strict administrative policies that minimize autonomy stand a higher chance of increasing turnover. According to Hayajneh et al. (2009), inadequate reward and unfairness can lead to high rates of attrition. In particular, the lack of acknowledgment of the c ontribution of other nurses can result in the work environment lacking opportunities to advance, leading to stress, which motivates the newly qualified nurses to leave the job (Carter Tourangeau 2012, p. 1589).The unavailability of senior charge nurses to offer support was found to be a demographic variable that contributes to newly qualified nurse attrition. Research by Williams (2010) also determined that turnover and attrition rates tend to be higher among the newly qualified nurses during the first year and remain higher during the second year. In line with the finding, another study in the UK established that 34% of the newly qualified nurses did not register to practice (Holtom Inderrieden 2006, p. 30). When the newly qualified nurses enter the job for the first time, anticipation of what to expect in the new job gets them motivated. However, when they realize that the work environment is not supportive, the job reality and personal expectations begin to change, and frustrat ion becomes the order of the day. Th result is the commonly studied transition shock. If the situations are not addressed adequately, stress accumulates, leading to the stages of burnout. Noteworthy, newly qualified nurses are not sufficiently empowered to cope with high work-related stress (Hayes et al. 2006, p. 241). The problem is compounded by the absence of mentorship and smooth orientation schedules, which are essential until they receive a full understanding of how they should work in an environment of high stress. Chenoweth et al. (2010) also determined that high rates of exhaustion lead to attrition of newly qualified nurses during their first and second years of their employment.Staffing also played a significant role in promoting higher attrition levels among the newly qualified nurses. Several factors related to staffing including low staffing, the resultant relentless pressure, and uncooperative colleagues can lead to increased attrition levels for NQNs. This finding is consistent with a study conducted by Arrowsmith and Miller (2013) that discovered that the majority of NQNs are likely to leave the hospital if they feel the institution does not have proper staffing levels. Moreover, a hospital may have enough staff, but unorganized units may influence the nurses' turnover. Some nurses may also find the job quite stressful and consider quitting if they feel they are taking care of more difficult patients than their colleagues (Arrowsmith Miller 2013, p. 569). Therefore, staff shortages and relentless pressure compounded by a lower pay play a critical role in increasing the rates of NQNs turnover.In addition to the above study findings, our research also determined that lack of social support within the hospital environment plays a role in influencing newly qualified nurses to quit the job. In a study to determine the effect of social support for newly qualified nurses, Horsburgh and Ross (2013) discovered that social support provides greater copi ng strategies that can help the newly qualified nurses deal with the stress of transition such as getting used to a new job, understanding clinical skills, and becoming a member of the healthcare team. Interaction and effective working relationships are vital for job satisfaction, and lack of these factors in the workplace can lead to employee turnover during their first or second years of employment (Peterson-Graziose, Bryer Nikolaidou 2013, p. 351).Our study also found that lack of secure time for preceptor and preceptee increases the rates of attrition among NQNs. According to a research study conducted in the UK by Peterson-Graziose, Bryer, and Nikolaidou (2013), newly qualified nurses were found to leave the job within their first or second years of employment due to a poor score on self-confidence skills and nursing competency perceptions (p. 352). Therefore, building self-confidence is critical to the success of a hospital in giving quality healthcare, which implies that he lping new graduates to develop confidence is significant in the first few days of their work. Thus, preceptor support, appropriate employee expectations, and chances for collaboration play a critical role in building new nurse confidence. Work environments that do not promote the task of building nurse confidence increase the chances of the workers quitting the job within the first and second years of employment.Lower score for the enjoyment of one's job contributes to higher rates of attrition for the newly qualified nurses. Our research determined that nurses have different opinions concerning what they call a good day, and the most critical matter in this respect is that for newly qualified nurses, positive experiences and support systems are vital for low role ambiguity and conflict (Rhaume, Clment LeBel 2011, p. 496). Another factor that is associated with an increased rate of attrition for newly qualified nurses is lower levels of organizational commitment. Engagement is posi tively associated with job involvement and the years an employee can work in an organization, and negatively related to workload and turnover. This finding corresponds to the study by Tourangeat Cranley (2006) who found that emotional exhaustion relates negatively to job satisfaction and organizational commitment (p. 501). Therefore, empowerment plays a critical role in creating a positive work-life that discourages high rates of attrition among the newly qualified nurses.Evidently, there exists numerous reasons for increased rates of attrition among the newly qualified nurses during their first and second years of employment in the UK. The findings are supported by existing literature as discussed above. It was found that newly qualified nurses are motivated to leave their job because of various reasons ranging from the poor work environment, lack of commitment, poor orientation leve...

The Depiction of Women in Literary Texts - 1346 Words

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This is relevant to Margaret Atwood’s speech in 1994, Spotty Handed Villainesses (hereafter referred to as Villainesses), and Aung San Suu Kyi’s speech in 1995, Keynote Address at the Beijing World Conference on

The Berlin Conference to Divide Africa

The Berlin Conference was described by Harm J. de Bli in Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts: The Berlin Conference was Africas undoing in more ways than one. The colonial powers superimposed their domains on the African continent. By the time independence returned to Africa in 1950, the realm had acquired a legacy of political fragmentation that could neither be eliminated nor made to operate satisfactorily. Purpose of the Berlin Conference In 1884, at the request of Portugal, German chancellor Otto von Bismark called together the major western powers of the world to negotiate questions and end confusion over the control of Africa. Bismark appreciated the opportunity to expand Germanys sphere of influence over Africa and hoped to force Germanys rivals to struggle with one another for territory. At the time of the conference, 80 percent of Africa remained under traditional and local control. What ultimately resulted was a hodgepodge of geometric boundaries that divided Africa into 50 irregular countries. This new map of the continent was superimposed over 1,000 indigenous cultures and regions of Africa. The new countries lacked rhyme or reason and divided coherent groups of people and merged together disparate groups who really did not get along. ThoughtCo / Adrian Mangel Countries Represented at the Berlin Conference Fourteen countries were represented by a plethora of ambassadors when the conference opened in Berlin on November 15, 1884. The countries represented at the time included Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden-Norway (unified from 1814 to 1905), Turkey, and the United States of America. Of these 14 nations, France, Germany, Great Britain, and Portugal were the major players in the conference, controlling most of colonial Africa at the time. Berlin Conference Tasks The initial task of the conference was to agree that the Congo River and Niger River mouths and basins would be considered neutral and open to trade. Despite its neutrality, part of the Congo Basin became a personal kingdom for Belgiums King Leopold II. Under his rule, over half of the regions population died. At the time of the conference, only the coastal areas of Africa were colonized by the European powers. At the Berlin Conference, the European colonial powers scrambled to gain control over the interior of the continent. The conference lasted until February 26, 1885 — a three-month period where colonial powers haggled over geometric boundaries in the interior of the continent, disregarding the cultural and linguistic boundaries already established by the indigenous African population. Following the conference, the give and take continued. By 1914, the conference participants had fully divided Africa among themselves into 50 countries. Major colonial holdings included: Great Britain desired a Cape-to-Cairo collection of colonies and almost succeeded through their control of Egypt, Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian Sudan), Uganda, Kenya (British East Africa), South Africa, and Zambia, Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), and Botswana. The British also controlled Nigeria and Ghana (Gold Coast).France took much of western Africa, from Mauritania to Chad (French West Africa), as well as Gabon and the Republic of Congo (French Equatorial Africa).Belgium and King Leopold II controlled the Democratic Republic of Congo (Belgian Congo).Portugal took Mozambique in the east and Angola in the west.Italys holdings were Somalia (Italian Somaliland) and a portion of Ethiopia.Germany took Namibia (German Southwest Africa) and Tanzania (German East Africa).Spain claimed the smallest territory, which was Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni). Source De Bli, Harm J. Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts. Peter O. Muller, Jan Nijman, 16th Edition, Wiley, November 25, 2013.

Capital Punishment - A Complex Social Issue Essay

Should the government abolish capital punishment? This is a question that has plagued the United States since its birth, as it is a complex social issue not easily resolved. The law, society, and many religious institutions consider life to be precious. Also, because capital punishment is irreversible, an innocent life could potentially be at stake in the pursuit of justice. Groups that are opposed to the death penalty – such as Amnesty International, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the majority of Christian religious institutions (Baptists, Catholics, Episcopalians, Lutherans, Methodist, Presbyterians, and the United Church of Christ)– feel that it is an unnecessary violation of human rights. (â€Å"History of the Death†¦show more content†¦While the history of the issue is important, there are many underlying factors that increase its complexity. THE DEATH PENALTY AS A DETERRENT Do harsh legal penalties such as death really work in deterring crime? Most studies show no conclusive evidence that capital punishment does (or does not) have this effect. (â€Å"Facts and Figures†). In fact, over 80% of criminologists agree that capital punishment is not a proven deterrent. (Radelet) The â€Å"deterrent hypothesis† is that murder rates would be higher in states without the death penalty than in states that use the death penalty. However, when murder rates were compared both before and after abolition of the death penalty in states, no substantial increase in homicides occurred. (Peterson) According to Amnesty International, â€Å"A New York Times survey, released in September 2000, found that during the last 20 years, the homicide rate in states with the death penalty has been 48% to 101% higher than in states without the death penalty.† (â€Å"Death Penalty Facts†) Surprisingly, there is one study supported by pro-death groups showing that capital punishment can deter crime up to 35.7%, but here is the catch – the death penalty only deters 35.7% crime for a couple of weeks or months, and the execution has to be widely publicized. (Philips) If this is the case, then one solution to the crime problem in the U.S. could be to have at least oneShow MoreRelatedA Liberal Perspective On Capital Punishment1247 Words   |  5 PagesPerspective on Capital Punishment The liberal ideology is based in the values of individualism, in that the individual themselves is important in their pursuit and struggle for freedom. 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The Issue Of Gun Control - 1983 Words

The Issue of Gun Control â€Å"We the people in order to form a more perfect union.† This is the beginning of the infamous Preamble of the United States Constitution. The Constitution is the one and only document this great country’s foundation was built upon. The Preamble is one of the few parts of the Constitution that many Americans know, and can even often recite the entire thing, however, the remanding part is often looked over and unknown. One part, a very important one, is the second amendment. This amendment states that â€Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of the Free State, their right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed† (The NRA). This one, small part of the Constitution gives Americans the right to keep and bear Arms, and has been under fire in more recent years. Not only are many American citizens demanding to amend this amendment, the Government has stepped over it completely, all in the hopes to a bolish the use of guns among American citizens. The Founding Fathers put each and every part of The Constitution in place for a reason; to protect the American people’s rights. The issue with gun bans is that they prevent the citizens who properly register and use their firearms, from the having the ability to use them for self defense, giving the advantage to the criminals (Strossel). Gun control laws fail to protect not only individuals, but America as a whole, as the laws are ineffective, and inadequately allow selfShow MoreRelatedGun Issue And Gun Control1401 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity, Gun Politics has been a course I have aspired to take. While many enroll in such a course looking for an escape from the â€Å"collegiate liberal echo chamber† or as an outlet for their conservative agendas, I saw the class as an â€Å"entrance to the dark side.† My views on guns prior to the class were, I would call, polarized yet uninformed. In most of my discussion s, I would cite the Australian 1996 National Firearms Agreement as precedent for how American politicians should approach the gun issueRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagessomebody who wants to inflict harm on other people to get his or her hands on a gun.† (Simple Minded Gun Control). Gun control is a controversial issue worldwide. The reason why this has attracted so much attention is because not everyone is in favor of gun control and each side brings up excellent points about the issue. Research related to this issue strongly supports the claim that there SHOULD be more gun control laws. Three arguments that prove this position are (1) Incidents like Sandy HookRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1489 Words   |  6 Pagessplit on the issue of gun control. We have seen many violent shootings and innocent people dying because of gun violence. Some Americans believe we need strict gun laws to protect our children and ourselves from these horrific tr agedies. Other Americans believes it is our rights as Americans to posses’ guns and we are entitled to that right in our constitution. There are also some Americans that are stuck in the middle and can see both sides but recent events have definitely caused this issue to be inRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1031 Words   |  5 Pagesintegrate them in a way that will trigger a new viewpoint on the subject. Gun control is something that should be enforced across the world in order to save lives. In the United States there is a ratio of 88.8 guns per one hundred persons (GunPolicy.org). Those numbers award us with the highest total per capita number in the world. With that amount of firepower there needs to be an efficient way to regulate who exactly can purchase a gun. Since 1791 when the second amendment was ratified there have beenRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1705 Words   |  7 Pagesaway without preface or reason. All someone needs to do is pull the trigger. In today ’s world, guns are far too accessible to the people of society. We hear in the news, stories of mass shootings, homicides, and suicides; most of which are caused by the activation of a gun. A hot-button issue, gun control is one of the most debated topics in American politics. Should we, or should we not, be able to own guns? Although it infringes on the Second Amendment that provides the right to bear arms, this amendmentRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control951 Words   |  4 PagesGun control has been a big topic for the past decade in the united states. These debates will rise and fall time in and time out after something horrific happens in the state. Anti-Gun supporters do not realize that it is extremely difficult to regulate something in the states that is a big portion of our economy.Would stricter gun laws change anything? So far statistically It has been proven otherwise one must consider how a citizen would defend themselves when they are faced with terror. How willRe ad MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control929 Words   |  4 PagesGun Control Getting arrested yesterday was not the highlight of my week. I was hungry; so I went to Wal-Mart get some charcoal, lighter fluid, and steak. I put the charcoal in the grill and the lighter fluid on the coals. I got a little lighter fluid on my arm, but I didn’t pay it much attention. I lit the match and threw it on the coals. I looked down and my sleeve was on fire. I was waving my arm in the air, trying to put it out. 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A Case Study Analysis on Mexton Machine Company

Question: Apply decision analysis to the decision problem facing Mexton Machines and advise the company on their outcome options. Clearly state any assumptions you have made. Discuss in detail the strengths and limitations of your analysis in the context of the problem faced by Mexton Machines. What other information would you need to improve your analysis? Answer: Decision analysis faced by the Mexton Machines Mexton Machine limited is known as one of the largest industry manufacturing the various ranges of small machines and tools. Company was establish in 1950 and is known for its high brand quality in England. Since 70s company has been growing extensively and company has been diversifying its products range (Goodwin and Wright, 2014). For instance company has established paint business in order to gain the large customer base of England. Company has also extensively opened its business in all over the England places like Bristol, Leicestershire and Yorkshire. In recent times company is very much facing trouble because of recession in 1980. Company has closed down its paint business because of huge loss (Williams, 2002). After 1996 company has been looking open a new form of business in order to attract the customer base. A range of products that has been looking to produce by the Mexton is very much consumer goods such as electric drill and car engine turner in order to increase its sa les which by far not been possible. Since, then Mexton new management is been toying with various ideas like coming up with new gardening instrument which will help the company to standalone in the business and beat the existing competitors (Zeleny, 1982). For which company has to spend more than 16 million in their RD to gain the large customer base. In spite of that, company has also made investment in opening of the new plant at Wiltham site in an old textile mill. The price of the site would be more than 6 million. However, company has another major option to manage and control the business by renovating the Eastoak existing plant for which company has to spend more than 24 million (Patterson et al. 2002). The decision making process comprises of five major process: Figure 1: Decision making process (Source: Courtney et al. 2009, pp-123) Identification of the problem: The decision making for these investments are being one of the major reasons for delaying the project. Besides that, company has already been invested more than millions in inventing the prototype to get in order to build the new machinery for gardening. In order to build the prototype the company is very much facing tough to manage the cost of the RD (Yaniv et al. 2009). In order to build the prototype of lawnmower, company has to spend more than 6.4 million. The decision to continue to build the lawnmower in a new area at Wiltham or to manufacture at Eastoaks is one of the toughest decision making for the Mexton currently (Schlingemann et al. 2009). Information sereach: as per the information given by Mr. castle that, 75% of the chances of the prototype will be completed within the December 2003. In order to understand whether to invest in new plant or to invest within the existing plant, information like initial investment of the two projects, cash flow of the tow project and the cost of the capital of two major project must be identified (Davenport, 2009). The company has already been given the information such as the total initial investment and total outflow and assuming the total cost of capital is 10% for both of the project is been part of the informations (Ang and Geert, 2009). Besides that some of the assumption has been made such as: -No taxation factors will be considered - Depreciation cost is not been considered -Development of grant should be ignored Evaluation of the alternatives: With the help of analysing the two mega project requires the various investment appraisals techniques. In order to calculate the tow project both NPV and payback period is been considered as an alternative techniques. While evaluating the alternative understanding the major strength and weakness of the both of method will help to choose which method to follow (Blenko et al. 2010). With two major methods and two major initial investment against the Wiltham is 24 million and for Eastoaks is 40.9 million. There has been ample evidence which shows that, both of the method. By evaluating the various method that best suitable alternatives will be chosen for the analysing the both of suitable options (Davenport 2013). Another major investment is made in terms of the RD in prototyping are some of the examples for the Mexton business (Schlingemann et al. 2009). Calculation of NPV Production at WIITHAM Year Cash Flow Discounting Factor(10%) Present Value () () 1st year 16 0.909091 14.54545455 2nd year 16 0.826446 13.2231405 3rd year 16 0.751315 12.02103681 4th year 16 0.683013 10.92821529 Total 50.71784714 Less: Outflow 24 NPV 26.71784714 Production within Eastoaks ( million) Year Cash Flow Discounting Factor(10%) Present Value () () 1st year 24 0.909091 21.81818 2nd year 24 0.826446 19.83471 3rdyear 24 0.751315 18.03156 4th year 24 0.683013 16.39232 Total 76.07677 Less: Outflow 40.9 NPV 35.17677 From the above , it has been found that from both of the projects , the chosen would be production in Eastoaks because of the higher NPV. The Higher the NPV the higher would be chances of taking the project (Von Winterfeldt and Fasola, 2009). Company need to focus on to investment would be fruitful for the company because it considers the present value of money. Calculation of Payback period 1.Production at WITHAM Year Cash Flow Cumulative cash flow 0 (24) (24) 1st year 16 (8) 2nd year 16 8 3rd year 16 4th year 16 Payback period =2+ (8 m/16m) =2 + 0.5 =2.5 years Production within Eastoaks Year Cash Flow Cumulative Cash flow 0 (40.9) (40.9) 1st year 24 (16.9) 2nd year 24 7.1 3rdyear 24 4th year 24 Payback period = 2 + (7.1/ 24) =2+ 0.29 =2.29 years From the above payback period, it has been found that , company need to invest in the Wiltham because of the investment is taking less years in compare to the East oaks. Payback period of the project Wiltham project is 2.5 years which is less than the 2.29 years. The payback period will give the Mexton measure the liquidity positions (Valerie et al. 2010). Investment: As per the investment appraisal system, Mexton need to choose the suitable options to get over the decision making right. In order to do so appraisal system is been one of the major part of helping to gain the actual information which will help to manage the right kind of investment areas (Mari et al. 2011). After the choosing the both method NPV and Payback period. It has been found that as per NPV best suitable options for the business would be investing in East oaks is better NPV with return of 35 million in compare to 24 million from the Wiltham (Lee et al. 2011). However, while choosing the payback period , it suggest that Wiltham has better option with the lower payback period with 2.5 years. Finally company will be following the NPV selection because of the NPV consist of the time value of money and is very much useful to analyse the present value of the money (Amihud and Mendelson, 2010). on the other hand , payback period decision making is also one of the most prominent way to appraise the business but the techniques is very fails to carry the time value of money which is one of the major problems in payback period (Faulkender and Petersen, 2009). Post purchase evaluations: After making the decision to invest in EastOaks, Mexton needs to look to understand the decision making made by the company is been right for the company or not. In order to manage the post purchase evaluations, company need to manage the focus on the actual cost and standard cost that has been kept by the company (Easley and OHara, 2009). Pots purchase strategy gives the company enough scope to judge whether the decision making was fruitful enough or not as the company used loss of opportunity cost. Opening of new plant would be least costly but investment existing company give increase the in the production with more than 166,000 lawnmower (La Porta et al. 2009). This is one of the finest achievement made by the company after able to achieve their target. Post purchase decision gives the company to make the future reference for the company expansion plan of the diversifying the projects (Carlson et al. 2008). Mexton need to understand that , company has to spending huge funding, therefore company also need to consider the another major investment appraisal method process which will help in decision making more of suitable like IRR (Internal rate of return) and ARR (Accounting rate of return) (Cooper, 2010). Both of the method will also help the Mexton to make better decision making in term of high investment. It is known that investment decision technique is effective for any business to take identify the project that can ensure high return. Therefore, in order to analyse the decision two capital budgeting techniques has been used that are discounting method which relate with the Net Present Value and the non-discounting method which relate to Pay Back period. Both the methods has provided extreme support base to analyse the problem of Mexton Machines The discounted method is effective in determining the stock value and the also provide details that how much company can accumulate cash after meeting all financial obligations (Bierman and Smidt, 2012). Apart from that, non-discounted method can be too effective in analysing the project decisions and the company can be able to know the expected time period to recover the invested amount. On the other hand, both the capital budgeting methods comprises some strengths and weakness that can be related with the investment decision. Therefore, th e company may need to consider the major weakness before making up any decision so that higher benefit can be received and increasing cost can be controlled (Chiang, Cheng and Lam, 2010). Thus, the strength and limitation of the payback will be discussed along with the strength and restriction of net present value so that extracted analysis can be improved. Net Present Value The variation between the cash inflow and the cash outflow of the present value in the whole life period of a project is known as NPV. NPV is also known as the Net Present Value. The research analyst uses the Net Present Value factor in above part because Net Present Value always focuses on the gain made in the whole period of a project. The total gain in Net Present Value is calculated by the difference between the cash inflow and the cash outflow of the present value in the whole life period of a project (Connor, 2006). The financial analyst uses the NPV (Net Present Value) in the above part to find out the financial profit from the project. The Net Present Value helps the financial analyst to take the decision whether to invest in the new project or not. The Net Present Value helps the financial analyst to find out the whether the cash inflow is greater than the cash outflow in the whole life of the project. If the present value of the total cash inflow is greater than the present value of the total cash outflow of the project, then the financial analyst will invest in that particular project (Djursaa Clausen, 2012). If the present value of the cash outflow is greater than the present value of the cash inflow of the project, then the financial analyst will not allow to invest in that particular project. The main purpose of using the Net Present Value is to find out whether the company will earn profit from the project or not. Strength of Net Present Value: The strength of the Net Present Value is NPV always gives importance to the value of money in respect to time. NPV always calculate the cash inflow of the present value. In Net Present Value, it calculates both the cash flow to find out whether to invest in the project or not. The Net Present Value always gives high priority to the profitability. If the financial analyst calculate and found that the project return is less, the financial analyst will not allow investing in that project (Pfeiffer, n.d.). It also gives high priority to the risk factor of the project. Limitations of Net Present Value: The use of Net Present Value is very difficult. In the Net Present Value, it is very difficult to find the accurate discount rate. The Net Present Value sometimes does not give the correct calculation, when the life of the project is unequal. It can be understood that Net Present Value from the production of Witham is lower than NPV of Eastoaks. On the other hand, from the payback period it can be understood that investment recovering period is almost same but still Witham requires slightly more time. Apart from that, it is seen that there are certain limitation with the decision analysis; therefore, Internal Rate of Return can be effective in offsetting the weakness that has been acknowledged. It is known that IRR make effective use of time value of money and it will help in accounting high interest rate that may have been expected by the company, Mexton Machine. Furthermore, a relation can be created with the various rates and thus the company can be able to account the value, at which the cash inflow present value and cash outflow present value (Schonbohm and Zahn, 2012). Therefore, a uniform ranking can be extracted for the proposed projects. Apart from saying that, IRR can be a useful base in selecting the project th at can ensure higher profitability for the company and their shareholders. The value that may be accumulated from the IRR evaluation, then it can be assumed that if the IRR is more than the cut off rate then the company can be able to gain high profit from the particular project (Shim, Siegel and Shim, 2012). Strengths Weakness of Payback Period Payback period is calculated to find out the length of time required to recover the cost of investment. According to that the decision is taken whether to undertake the project or not. Longer the payback period is not suitable for investment (Baker and English, 2011). When two or more projects are considered in capital budgeting, the project having shortest payback period is accepted because it can recover the initial investment of project quickly Strengths 1. According to Payback period approach, all the cash flows are forecasted from the project which it will earn in future. The period of recovering the cost of project is calculated. This method is usually applied by the business to set a limit of time within which the cost should be recovered. 2. The one of the important advantage of Payback period is that it is simple to calculate. Under this method, it is not required like other methods of capital budgeting to convert all the expected cash flows into present value adjusting the discounting factor. The calculation is straightforward. All the expected cash flows are added and then the initial cost of the project is subtracted from that. 3. The payback period method is associated with the short time prospect. This approach implies that the project will generate cash shortly and the initial cost will recovered within the shortest time. So, the risk is lower. Weaknesses 1. Payback period method does not consider time value of money. The expected cash flows are not adjusted with discounting factor. But, in real economy, the value money is affected by the time. The cash flows are expected to earn but the value is expected for future may be less in present time. Also, the inflation is not adjusted in this approach. But, the inflation has greater impact on economy (Kalyebara and Islam, 2013).The risk of recovering cost is minimized by this method. 2. The risk is less for short-term oriented project. But, the risk is more for long-term oriented project. The organization may earn more return from a high risky project. 3. According to Payback period method, the better investment is that one which has the shorter payback period. But it ignores the any benefits that occur after the payback period (Wyatt, 2012). So, it does not measure profitability. If the organization a short time limit, it may miss the future benefits of the project. On the other hand, it is known that IRR can be employed if the company knows the investment cost and annual cash flows. Therefore, the company can determine the accurate rate of earnings that can deliver the expected return at some point of time that is four years. The company, Mexton Machine by using the internal rate of return can disclose the high rate of return that can be generated from the project. Apart from that, the company need to study the market condition to whether the market feasible for the production of proposed project or not (Talbot, 2012). The market will let know about the cost of raw materials, labour cost, numbers of competitors, etc. Therefore, it will help the company to take effective decision and gain much expected higher benefit from the project. On the other side, in order to improve the analysis, the company may need to acknowledge all the cost related to building cost, installation cost, raw material cost, manufacturing cost, etc so that exact return can be evaluated in order to be sure that production of the machines can ensure expected return (Bierman and Smidt, 2012). Moreover, in accounting IRR methods, the company need to determine the value of cash flow after tax so that exact valuation can be identified and ensuring effective return rate. Apart from that, cash flow analysis can be useful in analysing decision. The company may need to estimate the cash outflow that is expenditure and also the cash inflows that is revenue which will help in analysing the net cash that may be available in the project. Therefore, the company can be able to take decision on accounting cash for the production of machine. Moreover, it will let know the whether the company is financially sound or not and also the position of company in clearing debt (Djursaa Clausen, 2012). On the other hand, determining the expected sales from the production will be valuable for the Mexton Machine to take decision. Therefore, company can use break even analysis as it will help the company to know amount of sales they may required to cover up their costs and also they can be able to a scertain the point at which, the company can gain profit. Thus, the company may need to understand their expected sales from the proposed project. Reference List Books Baker, H. and English, P. (2011). Capital budgeting valuation. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Bierman, J. and Smidt, S. (2012). The Capital Budgeting Decision, Ninth Edition. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Courtney, HG Kirkland, J Viguerie, SP 2009, Strategy under uncertainty, McKinsey Quarterly, June 2009 Djursaa Clausen, T. (2012). Capital budgeting under asymmetric information. Odense: Syddansk Universitet. Goodwin P and Wright G, (2014). Decision Analysis for Management Judgement, 5th edition, Chichester UK; Wiley Kalyebara, B. and Islam, S. (2013). Corporate governance, capital markets, and capital budgeting. New York: Springer. Patterson K, Grenny J, McMillan R Switzler A 2002, Notes on Crucial Conversations McGraw Hill, NY Schonbohm, A. and Zahn, A. (2012). Corporate capital budgeting. Kaiserslautern: Lehrstuhl fur Unternehmensrechnung und Controlling, Techn. Univ. Talbot, F. (2012). Customer-driven budgeting. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Williams SW, 2002, Making better Business Decisions: understanding and improving critical thinking and problem-solving skills, Thousand Oaks California; Sage Publications Wyatt, N. (2012). The financial times essential guide to budgeting and forecasting. Harlow, England: Pearson. Yaniv, I Chosen-Hillel, S and Milyavski, M 2009, Spurious consensus and opinion revision: why might people be more confident in their less accurate. Zeleny M 1982, Multiple Criteria Decision Making, McGraw-Hill, NY, Chapter 3 Journals Von Winterfeldt, D Fasola, B 2009, Structuring decision problems; a case study and reflections for practitioners, European Journal of Operational Research, 199, pp857-866 Valerie, G., Cook, C. and Ali, A. (2010) "Using net present value methods to evaluate quality improvement projects", International Journal of Quality Reliability Management, 27(3), pp.333 - 350 Mari, B., Kamberovi, B. and Radlovacki, V. (2011) Observing the dependence between dynamic indicators of investment profitability - Relative net present value and internal rate of return, African Journal of Business Management, 5(26), pp. 10331-10337 Amihud, Y. and Mendelson, H. (2010) The liquidity route to a lower cost of capital, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 12, 525 Easley, D. and OHara, M. (2009) Information and the Cost of Capital, The Journal of Finance, 59(4), 1553-83. La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R. (2009) Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation, Journal of Finance, 57, 114770 Carlson, M., Fisher, A. and Giammarino, R. (2008) Corporate investment and asset price dynamics: Implications for the cross-section of returns, Journal of Finance 59, 2577-2603. Cooper, I. (2010) Asset pricing implications of nonconvex adjustment costs and irreversibility of investment, Journal of Finance 61, 139-170 Faulkender, M., and Petersen, M. A. (2009) Does the source of capital affect capital structure?, Review of Financial Studies 19, 45-79. Lee, C., Ng, D. and Swaminathan, B. (2011) Testing international asset pricing models using implied cost of capital, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 73, 411-431 Schlingemann, F. P., Stulz, R. M. and Walkling, R. A. (2009) Divestitures and the liquidity of the market for corporate assets, Journal of Financial Economics 64, 117-144 Ang, A. and Geert, B. (2009) Stock return predictability, is it there? Review of Financial Studies 20, 651707. Chiang, Y., Cheng, E. and Lam, P. (2010). Employing the Net Present Value-Consistent IRR Methods for PFI Contracts. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(7), pp.811-814. Connor, T. (2006). Net present value: blame the workman not the tool. Strat. Change, 15(4), pp.197-204. Nosratpour, M., Nazeri, A. and Meftahi, H. (2012). Fuzzy net present value for engineering analysis. MSL, 2(6), pp.2153-2158. Pfeiffer, T. (n.d.). Net Present Value-Consistent Investment Criteria Based on Accruals. SSRN Journal. Davenport, TH Nov2009, Make Better Decisions, HARVARD Business Review, Vol.87, Is.11, PP.117-123 Blenko MW, Mankins MC Rogers P Jun2010, The Decision-Driven Organization, Harvard Business Review, Vol.88, Is.6, pp54-62 Davenport TH Dec2013, Analytics 3.0, Harvard Business Review, Vol.91, Is.12, pp.64-72

Boy overboard context/quote/explain paragraphs free essay sample

A context/quote/explain paragraph is like a body paragraph from an analytical essay. You need to reword the statement given, find the quotation that best suits the context and then explain the quotation. Each paragraph needs to be between 50-100 words long. You may write more than the required limit but should not write less than the 50-word minimum. You need to write a minimum of 10 paragraphs to meet the required standard. Of course, writing more than the required number would be a way to increase your marks! The asterisked chapters are mandatory- (you must do these) You are free to select the other chapters of your choice, including one of the last 5 chapters. Chapter 12 That disobeying the Taliban has serious repercussions. In chapter 12 of ‘Boy Overboard’, it is obvious that defying the Taliban regulations, by having a secret school, will have life threatening results. When Jamal and Bibi enter the soccer stadium, they notice an army truck and soldiers with guns aimed at women. We will write a custom essay sample on Boy overboard context/quote/explain paragraphs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The children realise this is not an average soccer match, and maybe â€Å"†¦this isn’t such a good idea,† (pg 61)as soldiers with guns held the power of life and death. Jamal and Bibi are shocked as they recognise a woman, who desperately tries to escape from the soldiers, as their mother. Two soldiers pounce on her, as â€Å"They point their rifles at the back of Mum’s head. † (pg 62) Jamal instantly realises that â€Å"The government must have arrested Mum before they blew up our house. † (pg 63) He desperately wants to save his mother, but stops as his father’s taxi, flies into the soccer stadium, bravely slamming into soldiers. He urges for Mum to rush inside and speeds off, leaving Jamal and Bibi feeling frightened. Not only now is their mother in serious trouble, but also their father. They know to challenge and disobey the Taliban is to invite serious repercussions, or even death, for all the family. This will have massive effects on the family for the rest of their lives.

World War 2 Essay Example For Students

World War 2 Essay 1.1 HARRY S. TRUMAN THE BOMB A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY1.2 Robert H. Ferrell editor with commentary 1.3 High Plains Publishing Company, Inc. 1.4 19961.5 Chapters: 21, Pages: 1252.1 The title fits the story line because the story is about Trumans decision on dropping the atomic bomb. This is a non-fiction book that includes diary entries, letters, White House press releases, and handwritten notes by Truman. These documents are from 1945-1958 and are all related in the decision to drop the atomic bomb. 2.2 The authors points are that Truman used all available sources to help him make the decision of dropping the bomb (military advisors, scientists, what he saw in Germany) and he believed that dropping the atomic bomb saved lives. We will write a custom essay on World War 2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 2.3 Yes, I accept the authors thesis. I believe Truman used all his resources. For example he checked with the military for how many people would die if America would invade Japan. When Truman went to Berlin he saw total destruction and in his diary called it Hitlers folly. By using the casualty rates at Iwo Jima and Okinawa military experts estimated 500,000 American casualties if an invasion on the home island took place. This is much greater than the number of people killed by the atomic bomb. 3.1 The author is writing to Americans. 3.2 The author investigates if America was justified for dropping the atomic bomb on Japan. The author looks at the documents of the time period (diaries, letters, and memos), examines how the Japanese treated prisoners and conquered people, and looks at battle casualty rates. 3.3 The author is pro-American. When he wrote the intro he includes statements against the Japanese such as, The barbarities of the war had their beginnings in Japans war against ChinaBetween 100,000 to 200,000 people were killed by occupying troops for no reason at all except what may only be described as blood lust.(Pg1) Throughout the intro the author uses words such as countless horrors, sneak attack, maltreatment, and savagery to describe the Japanese and their behavior. 4.1 Robert H. Ferrell is Distinguished Professor of History, Emeritus Indiana University. Other books the author wrote include The Private Papers of Harry S. Truman, Truman and the Modern American Presidency, and Harry S. Truman His Life on the Family Farms. 4.2 The book was written in 1996, using documents from the 1940s and 1950s. The author had plenty of access to the primary information. He wrote it 50 years after the event happened making him more objective than someone from the time period. 4.3 None, I all ready agree that Truman should have dropped the bomb because I believe that it saved more lives. 4.4 I would not recommend this book for pleasure reading because HARRY S. TRUMAN THE BOMB is made up of facts (letters, memos, documents, and diaries). I would recommend it to anyone who wants to know about why America dropped the atomic bomb. 5.1 The book covers from 1945 to 1958. 5.2 The action takes place all over the world mostly in the White House in Washington, D.C, the Potsdam Conference near Berlin, Germany, the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory in New Mexico, and Japan. The setting is during World War II and soon after the war. 5.3 The author is a realist. In the book he talks about how if America did not drop the atomic bomb on Japan and used invasion that more men would die. Truman and leading officials of his administration looked upon nuclear warfare as a positive good rather than terrible savagery, there was the very real issue in the summer of 1945 of the cost of a U.S. invasion of the Japanese home islands. Whatever the historical one might describe as emotional reasons for getting back at Japan, there was the frightening cost of an invasion by the U. S. Army and Navy (pg. 3). 5.4 I think the structure of this book is chronological because of how the author put his chapters in order from 1945-1958. 6.1 The most notable thing that I liked was that after the war ended we helped Japan get back on there feet. Truman wrote, And in spite of the shot in the back, this country of ours, the United States of America, has been willing to help in every way the restoration of Japan as a great and prosperous nation (pg 115). 6.2 1. How would the story be told in the Japanese point of view?2. Did Harry S. Truman research every possible choice to end the war?3. Was there a better way than dropping the atomic bomb? 6.3 SummaryChpt.1 Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson to Harry S. Truman, April 24, 1945Stimson wrote to Truman to set up a meeting to tell Truman the details of the atomic bomb. .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .postImageUrl , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:hover , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:visited , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:active { border:0!important; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:active , .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161 .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u875eebb62ea03a7c563cfa631607a161:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Stem Cell Dilemma EssayChpt. 2 From the Presidents Diary, July 16After Germany surrendered Truman took a trip to Berlin and saw the city in ruin. He saw people of all ages out on the streets carrying possessions on there backs, kicked out of their homes by Russia conquers. Chpt. 3 Major General Leslie R. Groves to Secretary Stimson, July 18General Groves, Manhattan Project Commander, reports on the successful atomic test that took place at 5:30 A.M. on July 16, 1945. He mentions a lighting effect for a radius of 20 miles, a huge fireball, a mushroom cloud over 10,000 ft high, a crater with a diameter of 120 ft, and the destruction of a steel and concert tower (similar in size to a 20 story sky scraper) that was half a mile away from the blast. Chpt. 4 Cloud Drawings by Luis W. AlvarezLuis Alvarez, professor of physics at the University of California at Berkeley drew what he saw at Alamogordo detonation. Drew the atomic mushroom cloud at different times between 5:30 5:42 A.M. Chpt. 5 From the Presidents Diary, July 17, 18, 25Truman met with Stalin and Churchill in Potsdam. Some of the things discussed were firing Franco, dividing Italian Colonies, how Russia would enter the war against Japan on August 15. Truman told Churchill about the atomic bomb, but only hinted at it to Stalin. Truman made a judgement about Stalin, I can deal with Stalin. He is honest, but smart as hell(pg 30). Truman also says that he glad that U.S.A. discovered the atomic bomb first, not Hitler or Stalins crowd(31). Chpt. 6 General Thomas T. Handy to General Carl Spaatz, July 25This letter tells General Spaatz, Commanding General United States Army Strategic Air Forces, that the atomic bomb would be dropped after August 3 on either Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki. Spaatz was order to take military and scientific observers to record the bombing and he was ordered not to give out any information. He was also ordered to hand deliver a copy of the letter to General MacArthur and Admiral Nimitz. Chpt. 7 The Potsdam Declaration, July 26The Potsdam Declaration has 13 points. 1. Japan has opportunity to surrender. 2. Allies will keep fighting against Japan till they give up. 3. Resistance is futile if Japan dont surrender it will lead to utter devastation of Japanese home land. 4. Will Japan fallow Military Advisers or the path of reason. 5. Our terms are not negotiable. 6. All Leaders of Japan that deceived the people must lose their power. 7. Until Japan has met our requirements the allies will occupy Japan. 8. Japan will lose the islands that they conquered. 9. Japanese military will be disarmed. 10. War criminals will be punished. Democracy will be strengthened and the people will have freedom of speech, religion, and thought. 11. Japan will be allowed to have industry and world trade. 12. Occupying forces will leave Japan when goals are met. 13. Japan must now unconditionally surrender or face prompt and utter destructionUnfortunately The United States did not tell Japan about the Atomic bomb. So Japan was not willing to surrender. Chpt. 8 The President to His Wife, July 31Truman wrote to his wife from Potsdam at the end of the conference talking about how Stalin is stalling because he is not happy over English Elections and one of the main topics was War Reparations and Russia wants to be paidChpt. 9 White House Press Release, August 6The press release told Americans about the atomic bomb with detail about it. Also telling that they dropped one on Hiroshima 16 hours ago. Chpt. 10 War Department Press Release, August 6Stimson set out another press release about the atomic bomb giving more detail about it development and how it will make the war end quicker. Stimson tells how they had to keep it secrete because the enemy if American was told would try to steal it Chpt. 11 Leaflets Dropped on Japanese CitiesLeaflets were used in psychological warfare to scare the people out of the cities before dropping the second atomic bomb. Leaflets told them to leave their cities and surrenderChpt. 12 Senator Richard B. Russell to the President, August 7 and the Presidents Response, August 9Senator Russell was trying to influence Truman to not be lenient to Japan and dont warn them when we bomb their cities. He encourages Truman to destroy Japans resistance. They the American people believe that we should continue to strike the Japanese until they are brought groveling to their knees. We should cease our appeals to Japan to sue for peace. The next plea for peace sho uld come from an utterly destroyed Tokyo (pg. 69) Truman responds that the Japanese are terrible and cruel , but he refuses to act the same way that they do. Form nyself I certainly regret the necessity of wiping out whole populations because of the pigheadedness of the leaders of a nation and for your information, I am not going to do it unless it is absolutely necessary (pg. 69Chpt. 13 1Samuel McCrea Cavert to the President, August 9 and the Presidents Response, August 11Cavert writes Truman that Christians are deeply disturbed over the use of atomic bombs against Japanese cities. Truman replies that he is disturbed also but that the attack on Pearl Harbor and the horrible treatment of prisoners makes it so that we must treat the Japanese as beasts. When you have to deal with a beast, you have to treat him as a beast (pg. 72). .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .postImageUrl , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:hover , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:visited , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:active { border:0!important; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:active , .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue5a8051ef0e59714e0cc57b371b9b6ad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Egoism EssayChpt. 14 Albert Einstein to President Roosevelt, March 25, 1945 and Subsequent CorrespondenceAlbert Einstein writes a letter of introduction for Dr. L. Szilard, a researcher of uranium. Dr. Szilard writes to the presidents secretary asking permission to make a petition, which was signed by 67 scientists, public. This petition asks that no atomic bomb would be dropped in Japan without warning the people first. Chpt. 15 Secretary Stimson to the President, September 11 and EnclosureStimson writes to Truman recommending sharing the atomic bomb with Russia even though the Soviet Union was still autocratic with few human rights. Some other people had wanted to only share the bomb after Russia gave more freedom to their people. Stimson believed that over time Russia would change. Chpt. 16 U. S. Strategic Bombing Survey, the Effects of the Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, June, 9, 1946This is a report on how the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki affected the morale of the Japanese people. Dropping the bomb did not demoralize Japanese civilians outside of the immediate area. It also did not affect the military leaders belief that they could continue the war and defend the home islands. It did give the peace movement the opportunity to push for surrender because the United States had the atomic bomb and Japan did not. No army without the weapon could resist an enemy who had it, thus saving face(pg. 86). The peace movement could overcome the military objection to surrender because Japan could now save face. Chpt. 17 Carl T. Compton Article and the President to Compton, December 16Compton wrote an article that appeared in the Atlantic Monthly that defends dropping the atomic bomb. He argues that dropping the bomb was not inhumane because conventional bombing of Tokyo actually killed more people than dropping the atomic bomb. He also argues that even though Japan was already beaten they were not willing to stop fighting and that by using the atomic bomb the war ended sooner saving hundreds of thousands of lives. Truman replied thanking him for such a sensible articleChpt. 18 Selected White House Memoranda, 1952-1953Cates, professor at the University of Chicago who was writing a history of the army, writes to Truman asking for specific information on why he made the decision to drop the atomic bomb. The presidents aids recommend that the president give the information to Cates and the president replies listing his reasons that he ordered the bomb to be dropped. Chpt. 19 Interview with Former President Truman, 1955Hillman and Royce, assistants to Truman in writing his memoirs, interview Truman about dropping the atomic bomb. They ask if he did it for psychological reasons. The president states, I ordered it for military reasons and for no other reasons, to save the lives of a great many of our soldiers, thats all I had in mind (pg. 110). Chpt. 20 Tsukasa Nitoguri to Former President Truman, March 1, 1958 and the Presidents Response, March 12Edward Murrow interviewed Truman on television and Truman said using the atomic bomb was better than invading because it saved more lives and in the future it might be used again. The Chairman of The Hiroshima Council wrote to Truman about that the People of Hiroshima are against using the atomic bomb ever again. Truman replied listing his reason for using the bomb and placing the responsibility on the Japanese because of their actions at Pearl HarborChpt. 21 Handwritten Notes by Former President Truman, 1958Truman in his notes wants a world police force to maintain peace in the world and the Untied Nations to control nuclear energy. The reason Truman wants this things BibliographyHarry S. Truman The BombAmerican History World War 2 Essay Example For Students World War 2 Essay VOLUNTEERISM AND ETHICSShelters for Abused and Homeless WomenWhat to do? The issue of abused and homeless women is one that has recently been brought to the forefront of social issues in Pakistan. Abuse, most often begins after marriage. According to local traditions, once a girls baraat (wedding procession) enters the husbands house, only her janaza (funeral pyre) should leave. Loyalty and devotion to the husband and his family come above every thing else. When family support is pulled away, the girl is then at the mercy of her husband. This total control of the girls life sometimes leads to her death. Often times it leads to abuse. The girl cannot return to her fathers house for fear of dishonoring him and so continues to suffer. In some cases she may chose to run away therefore igniting her husbands anger that then is left with no choice put to pursue and kill her to redeem his honor. There are very few shelters, which will take in runaway women. These shelters besides being few i n number are also run on a small scale often equipped to handle visitors for short periods of time. No real constructive assistance is given to the battered women. We will write a custom essay on World War 2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now With USD 1 million, I would open a large hostel for women in need of protection. Inside the compound there will be a polytechnic/ educational institute to provide them an education, guidance and counseling for their emotional health, law firm to handle legal matters and a nursery primary school for their children. Putting the $$$$ to use: Opening a shelter in a major city is like putting a bandage on a large wound. Most women housed in shelters are semi-literate if at all and with little or no skills. In order to make them into productive citizens a polytechnic/ womens school/college should be opened inside the compound for security reasons and to avoid transport issues. This building should also contain guidance and counseling service to look after their emotional health. A nursery and primary school should be available for women who were accompanied by young children. A law firm, which does not have to be located inside the compound, be available to take care of their legal matters. Why would I do it and how do I justify it? Living in a mans world is difficult enough for women in Europe and America. Women in Pakistan face even more discrimination. Women rejected by society are pushed to the very bottom of the food chain. With an able body and an active mind, they can contribute to society and become productive members. Providing a shelter will meet their basic needs of food, clothing and a roof over their head. Giving them an education will enable them to become independent and chalk out a future for themselves.Seeing to their emotional needs will go a long way in making them into whole people again. If accompanied by a child, looking after the child will provide them the support they would have received at home. And to make legal assistance available to them will give them a better sense of security. Once a women decides it is time for her to leave the shelter, ready to go out to make a life, all aspects should be in proper order to ensure a successful second chance.